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Views: 1243 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2026-08-25 Origin: Site
An industrial Degreaser is a chemical agent specifically designed to remove oil stains from the surfaces of metals, plastics, or other materials. These agents effectively dissolve or disperse fats and greases, leaving the substrate surface clean. This provides optimal conditions for subsequent surface treatments such as electroplating and spraying. Industrial degreasers are widely utilized in machinery manufacturing, automotive repair, electronics production, and other industrial sectors.
Degreasers can be categorized into solvent-based and water-based types. Water-based degreasers are further divided into acidic, neutral, and alkaline variants. Degreasing plays a vital role in pretreatment and the overall coating process, primarily through the following effects:
Impact on Phosphating Quality: The phosphating process relies entirely on good contact between the phosphating solution and the workpiece surface. To ensure this, grease, dirt, rust, and scale must be removed. If foreign matter is not thoroughly cleared, it acts as a mechanical barrier, slowing film formation and hindering the bond between crystals and the metal surface.
Impact on Coating Film Quality: Incomplete degreasing leads to uneven phosphating films. Even if dirt is covered by the film, the adhesion between the film and the substrate remains poor, often resulting in bubbling or peeling of the coating.
When selecting a degreasing method or agent, it is essential to understand the nature and composition of the oil stains on the metal surface to achieve satisfactory results.
1) Composition of Oil Stains
A. Mineral Oils and Vaseline: Primary components of anti-rust oils, greases, lubricants, and emulsions.
B. Saponifiable Fats, Oils, and Fatty Acids: Main components of drawing oils.
C. Anti-rust Additives: Key ingredients in specialized anti-rust formulations.
2) Properties of Oil Stains
Chemical Properties: Stains are classified as saponifiable or non-saponifiable. Plant and animal fats are saponifiable and can be removed through saponification, emulsification, and dissolution. Mineral oils and vaseline are non-saponifiable and rely solely on emulsification or dissolution for removal.
Physical Properties: Stains exist as liquids or semi-solids depending on viscosity or drop point. Higher viscosity or drop points increase cleaning difficulty.
Adsorption: Oils are classified as polar or non-polar. Polar oils (containing fatty acids or polar additives) have a strong tendency to adsorb onto the metal substrate, requiring chemical action or strong mechanical force to remove.
Oxidation: Certain oils, such as drawing oils containing unsaturated fatty acids, can oxidize and aggregate into films over time. Solid powders or metal corrosion products mixed with oil also significantly increase cleaning difficulty.
Degreasing relies on the dissolution and saponification properties of the degreaser, as well as the physical actions of surfactants, such as wetting, penetration, and dispersion. These actions render contaminants soluble or dispersible.
However, the contaminants must also be physically removed from the metal surface to allow fresh cleaning agents to occupy the space. Because a stable liquid film often exists on solid surfaces, dissolved dirt does not always leave the surface easily. This necessitates methods such as agitation or scrubbing to complete the process or enhance results.
Mechanical Agitation: Thins the liquid film on the solid surface. Stronger agitation results in a thinner film, though there are limits to its effectiveness.
Scrubbing: Physical wiping of the surface.
Heated Cleaning: Increases thermal motion to speed up the reaction.
Spray Cleaning: Utilizing high-pressure sprays.
Steam Cleaning: Using solvent vapors that condense on the metal, carrying away dirt as they flow down.
Ultrasonic Cleaning Assistance: Utilizing ultrasonic oscillation to impact the surface and dislodge contaminants.
Electrolytic Cleaning: Utilizing electrochemical reactions to generate gas at the metal surface. As gas escapes, it peels contaminants away from the surface.
01. Water-Based Metal Degreaser for Eyeglass Frame Electroplating Pretreatment
Composition: Sodium silicate 16.0%, Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether 4.0%, 6501 (Alkanolamide) 18.0%, OP-10 6.0%, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 12.0%, Sodium benzoate 5.0%, Defoamer 0.5%, Water 39.0%.
Process: Mix OP-10, 6501, and Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate at room temperature, heat to 65°C while stirring to obtain Solution I. Dissolve Sodium silicate and Sodium benzoate in water to obtain Solution II. Add Solution II to Solution I, stir and heat to 80°C, cool to room temperature, and add Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
02. High-Efficiency Water-Based Cleaning Agent
Composition: Surfactant blend 5% [m(Fansmax AEO7-13) : m(C16-ADPEDS) : m(CAB-30) = 2:2:1], Isopropanol 9%, Water softener 4% [m(TA-P) : m(TEA) = 1:9], Corrosion Inhibitor F-8 0.04%.
Performance: Achieves complete degreasing in 5–6 minutes at 20–30°C.
03. Rapid High-Efficiency Degreaser
Composition: Surfactant (complex) 5–15%, EDTA 0–5%, Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate 0–5%, TKPP 3–10%, Sodium metasilicate nonahydrate 0–6%, Corrosion inhibitor (appropriate amount), Defoamer (appropriate amount), Water (balance).
Performance: Designed for rapid oil removal at room temperature (10–60°C).
04. Steel Room Temperature (Spray) Degreasing Powder
Composition: Soda ash 16%, Sodium metasilicate 35%, Trisodium phosphate 15%, Sodium sulfate 13%, STPP 8%, EDTA-4Na 1%, Sodium gluconate 1%, Caustic soda flakes 5%.
05. Phosphorus-Free High-Efficiency Degreaser
Composition: Sodium lignosulfonate 2g/L, XL70 1g/L, Sodium metasilicate nonahydrate 4g/L, Sodium carbonate 2g/L, Sodium citrate 1g/L, Sodium hydroxide 15g/L, LW20 1g/L, Pure water (balance).
Performance: Phosphorus-free, achieves a 99% degreasing rate at room temperature.